Long-form technical writing on execution models, consensus, EVM foundations, and verifiable AI. Each insight makes Web3 clearer.
Editor's pickIs higher TPS bought with more expensive hardware and fewer validators? This piece unpacks checkable dimensions — validator requirements, geography, and client diversity — and discusses engineering responses such as BLS aggregation, without hype. Not investment advice.
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Is higher TPS bought with more expensive hardware and fewer validators? This piece unpacks checkable dimensions — validator requirements, geography, and client diversity — and discusses engineering responses such as BLS aggregation, without hype. Not investment advice.

"Scaling" is often treated as one problem. This piece splits it into consensus, data availability, execution, and settlement — and places L2s, sharding, standalone DA, and L1 parallel execution on that map, including where parallel EVM sits.